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Castle Bravo
Castle Bravo was the code name given to the first United States test of a dry fuel hydrogen bomb, detonated on March 1, 1954, at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, as the first test of ''Operation Castle''. ''Castle Bravo'' was the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the United States (and just under one-third the energy of the ''Tsar Bomba'', the most powerful device ever detonated), with a yield of 15 megatons of TNT. That yield, far exceeding the expected yield of 4 to 8 megatons (6 Mt predicted),〔http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Tests/Castle.html retrieved Oct. 8, 2013〕 combined with other factors, led to the most significant accidental radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
Fallout from the detonation—intended to be a secret test—fell on residents of Rongelap and Utirik atolls and spread around the world. The islanders were not evacuated until three days later and suffered radiation sickness. They were returned to the islands three years later but were removed again when their island was found to be unsafe. The crew of the Japanese fishing vessel ''Daigo Fukuryū Maru'' ("Lucky Dragon No. 5") was also contaminated by fallout, killing one crew member. The blast created an international reaction about atmospheric thermonuclear testing.〔John Bellamy Foster (2009). ''The Ecological Revolution: Making Peace with the Planet'', Monthly Review Press, New York, p. 73.〕
==Test location==
The device was a very large cylinder weighing and measuring in length and in diameter.〔 It was mounted in a "shot cab" on an artificial island built on a reef off Namu Island, in the Bikini Atoll. A sizable array of diagnostic instruments was trained on it, including high-speed cameras trained through an arc of mirror towers around the shot cab.
Coordinates for Bravo Crater are . The coordinates of the remains of the Castle Bravo causeway are .
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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